1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
|
*surround.txt* Plugin for deleting, changing, and adding "surroundings"
Author: Tim Pope <vimNOSPAM@tpope.info> *surround-author*
License: Same terms as Vim itself (see |license|)
This plugin is only available if 'compatible' is not set.
INTRODUCTION *surround*
This plugin is a tool for dealing with pairs of "surroundings." Examples
of surroundings include parentheses, quotes, and HTML tags. They are
closely related to what Vim refers to as |text-objects|. Provided
are mappings to allow for removing, changing, and adding surroundings.
Details follow on the exact semantics, but first, consider the following
examples. An asterisk (*) is used to denote the cursor position.
Old text Command New text ~
"Hello *world!" ds" Hello world!
[123+4*56]/2 cs]) (123+456)/2
"Look ma, I'm *HTML!" cs"<q> <q>Look ma, I'm HTML!</q>
if *x>3 { ysW( if ( x>3 ) {
my $str = *whee!; vlllls' my $str = 'whee!';
While a few features of this plugin will work in older versions of Vim,
Vim 7 is recommended for full functionality.
MAPPINGS *surround-mappings*
Delete surroundings is *ds*. The next character given determines the target
to delete. The exact nature of the target are explained in
|surround-targets| but essentially it is the last character of a
|text-object|. This mapping deletes the difference between the "inner"
object and "an" object. This is easiest to understand with some examples:
Old text Command New text ~
"Hello *world!" ds" Hello world!
(123+4*56)/2 ds) 123+456/2
<div>Yo!*</div> dst Yo!
Change surroundings is *cs*. It takes two arguments, a target like with
|ds|, and a replacement. Details about the second argument can be found
below in |surround-replacements|. Once again, examples are in order.
Old text Command New text ~
"Hello *world!" cs"' 'Hello world!'
"Hello *world!" cs"<q> <q>Hello world!</q>
(123+4*56)/2 cs)] [123+456]/2
(123+4*56)/2 cs)[ [ 123+456 ]/2
<div>Yo!*</div> cst<p> <p>Yo!</p>
*ys* takes an valid Vim motion or text object as the first object, and wraps
it using the second argument as with |cs|. (Unfortunately there's no good
mnemonic for "ys").
Old text Command New text ~
Hello w*orld! ysiw) Hello (world)!
As a special case, *yss* operates on the current line, ignoring leading
whitespace.
Old text Command New text ~
Hello w*orld! yssB {Hello world!}
There is also *yS* and *ySS* which indent the surrounded text and place it
on a line of its own.
In visual mode, a simple "s" with an argument wraps the selection. This is
referred to as the *vs* mapping, although ordinarily there will be
additional keystrokes between the v and s. In linewise visual mode, the
surroundings are placed on separate lines. In blockwise visual mode, each
line is surrounded.
An "S" in visual mode (*vS*) behaves similarly but always places the
surroundings on separate lines. Additionally, the surrounded text is
indented. In blockwise visual mode, using "S" instead of "s" instead skips
trailing whitespace.
Note that "s" and "S" already have valid meaning in visual mode, but it is
identical to "c". If you have muscle memory for "s" and would like to use a
different key, add your own mapping and the existing one will be disabled.
>
vmap <Leader>s <Plug>Vsurround
vmap <Leader>S <Plug>VSurround
<
Finally, there is an experimental insert mode mapping on <C-S>. Beware that
this won't work on terminals with flow control (if you accidentally freeze
your terminal, use <C-Q> to unfreeze it). The mapping inserts the specified
surroundings and puts the cursor between them. If, immediately after <C-S>
and before the replacement, a second <C-S> or carriage return is pressed,
the prefix, cursor, and suffix will be placed on three separate lines. If
this is a common use case you can add a mapping for it as well.
>
imap <C-Z> <Plug>Isurround<CR>
<
TARGETS *surround-targets*
The |ds| and |cs| commands both take a target as their first argument. The
possible targets are based closely on the |text-objects| provided by Vim.
In order for a target to work, the corresponding text object must be
supported in the version of Vim used (Vim 7 adds several text objects, and
thus is highly recommended). All targets are currently just one character.
Eight punctuation marks, (, ), {, }, [, ], <, and >, represent themselves
and their counterpart. If the opening mark is used, contained whitespace is
also trimmed. The targets b, B, r, and a are aliases for ), }, ], and >
(the first two mirror Vim; the second two are completely arbitrary and
subject to change).
Three quote marks, ', ", `, represent themselves, in pairs. They are only
searched for on the current line.
A t is a pair of HTML or XML tags. See |tag-blocks| for details. Remember
that you can specify a numerical argument if you want to get to a tag other
than the innermost one.
The letters w, W, and s correspond to a |word|, a |WORD|, and a |sentence|,
respectively. These are special in that they have nothing do delete, and
used with |ds| they are a no-op. With |cs|, one could consider them a
slight shortcut for ysi (cswb == ysiwb, more or less).
A p represents a |paragraph|. This behaves similarly to w, W, and s above;
however, newlines are sometimes added and/or removed.
REPLACEMENTS *surround-replacements*
A replacement argument is a single character, and is required by |cs|, |ys|,
and |vs|. Undefined replacement characters (with the exception of
alphabetic characters) default to placing themselves at the beginning and
end of the destination, which can be useful for characters like / and |.
If either ), }, ], or > is used, the text is wrapped in the appropriate
pair of characters. Similar behavior can be found with (, {, and [ (but not
<), which append an additional space to the inside. Like with the targets
above, b, B, r, and a are aliases for ), }, ], and >.
If t or < is used, Vim prompts for an HTML/XML tag to insert. You may
specify attributes here and they will be stripped from the closing tag.
End your input by pressing <CR> or >. As an experimental feature, if , or
<C-T> is used, the tags will appear on lines by themselves.
An experimental replacement of a LaTeX environment is provided on \ and l.
The name of the environment and any arguments will be input from a prompt.
The following shows the resulting environment from csp\tabular}{lc<CR>
>
\begin{tabular}{lc}
\end{tabular}
<
CUSTOMIZING *surround-customizing*
The following adds a potential replacement on "-" (ASCII 45) in PHP files.
(To determine the ASCII code to use, :echo char2nr("-")). The carriage
return will be replaced by the original text.
>
autocmd FileType php let b:surround_45 = "<?php \r ?>"
<
This can be used in a PHP file as in the following example.
Old text Command New text ~
print "Hello *world!" yss- <?php print "Hello world!" ?>
Additionally, one can use a global variable for globally available
replacements.
>
let g:surround_45 = "<% \r %>"
let g:surround_61 = "<%= \r %>"
<
ISSUES *surround-issues*
Vim could potentially get confused when deleting/changing occurs at the very
end of the line. Please report any repeatable instances of this.
Do we need to use |inputsave()|/|inputrestore()| with the tag replacement?
Customization isn't very flexible. Need a system that allows for prompting,
like with HTML tags and LaTeX environments.
Indenting is handled haphazardly. Need to decide the most appropriate
behavior and implement it. Right now one can do :let b:surround_indent = 1
(or the global equivalent) to enable automatic re-indenting by Vim via |=|;
should this be the default?
It would be nice if |.| would work to repeat an operation.
vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl:
|
